跳转到内容
ESA SWE Service Page Mockup: GEN/for

General Data Services - Forecast and nowcast service


Forecast of 30-minute maximum local dB/dt (horizontal component) at selected locations (red dots).
The forecasts are driven by SWPC RT solar wind data.
The marked region shows interpolated values with colours according to the colour bar in units of nT/min.

Data lies at the heart of ESA's Space Weather activities. Many of the user requirements and components to be delivered as part of the SWE segment make reference to requirements on the availability of and access to nowcasting and forecasting data. This includes real-time and near-real-time delivery of measurement and modelling data.

The General Forecast service provides access to the nowcasting and forecasting data included in the ESA SWE service network.

This service is implemented through a combination of products, tools and alerts which can be found through the following tabs along with expert support provided by the teams constituting the SWE Network. Should you require further guidance in the use of this service, or have specific questions about any aspects of the service presented here, don’t hesitate to contact the Helpdesk.



The service is implemented through the following set of assets:

  • The Solar Influences Data analysis Centre (SIDC) provides products such as Solar EUV images, International sunspot number, Solar flare forecast, etc.
  • IRF, by the Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF Lund), provides forecast of Kp, Dst and dB/dt
  • A-EFFort is a product from the Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics (Academy of Athens). It provides 24hr forecast of major solar flares.
  • The German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) provides data on the Kp index as well as products from the Swarm satellite mission;
  • The SWIFF Plasmasphere Model (SPM) dynamical simulation provides the number density and temperatures of the electrons as a function of time;
  • Real-Time Ionosphere Monitor (RTIM) provided by the Norwegian Mapping Authority (NMA);
  • European Ionosonde Service (EIS) provided by National Observatory of Athens (NOA);
  • Swarm Utilisation Analysis (SUA) provided by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences;
  • Geomagnetically Induced Currents nowcast by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI);
  • The Empirical Solar Wind Forecast (ESWF), by the University of Graz, uses an empirical relation to derive the solar wind speed at Earth distance.
  • Atmospheric Density Estimates for SST users (ATMDEN) provided by UK MetOffice;
  • Nowcast and Forecast of Geomagnetic and Solar Activity Indices for SST users (FORIND) provided by the Romanian Institute of Space Science (ISS);

All data and service products contributing to the General forecast service can be accessed from the product catalogue matrix in the "Products" tab. These products are ordered and categorised as per the ESA product specification documents according to the physical domain and product types.

User help and guidelines for each of the individual products can be accessed through the Help entry within the individual product page.

Solar Data

Solar Flares
  • UGraz/KSO Latest Solar flare detections
  • SIDC Latest Solar flare forecast
  • UKMO Latest Solar flare forecast
     UKMO
  • FLARECAST Solar flare forecast
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
  • A-EFFort Solar flare forecast
  • SIDC Latest Solar EUV flare detection
CMEs
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
  • SIDC/CACTus Automated near-real-time CME detection
Coronal Holes
  • Synchronous synoptic maps of the solar corona in the UV and extreme-UV - Nowcast
  • Synchronous synoptic maps of the solar corona in the UV and extreme-UV - Forecast
  • SIDC Solarmap
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
  • SIDC Latest automated coronal hole detection
International Sunspot number
  • Sunspot Number Nowcast 1-day
     FORIND
  • Sunspot Number Forecast SC 12-month
     FORIND
  • Sunspot Number Forecast CM 12-month
     FORIND
  • Sunspot Number Forecast ISM 12-month
     FORIND
  • Sunspot Number Forecast ICM 12-month
     FORIND
  • Sunspot Number Forecast IMLM 12-month
     FORIND
  • Sunspot Number Forecast multi-year
     FORIND
  • SIDC/SILSO International sunspot number
Smoothed Sunspot Number (SSN, R12)
  • SIDC/SILSO Latest sunspot number forecast
10.7cm Solar Radio Flux (F10.7)
  • F10.7 Index Forecast 27-day/BGS
     FORIND
  • F10.7 Index Forecast multi-year
     FORIND
  • F10.7 Index Forecast 27-day/SWPC
     FORIND
  • F10.7 Index Forecast 45-day
     FORIND
  • F10.7 Index Forecast 30-day Absolute
     FORIND
  • F10.7 Index Forecast 30-day Adjusted
     FORIND
  • SIDC Latest 10.7cm Solar radio flux (F10.7) forecast
Ionospheric Index (IG12)
  • IG12 Index Forecast multi-year
     FORIND
EUV Images of Sun
Solar EUV Images Outside of Sun-Earth Line
  • Synchronous synoptic maps of the solar corona in the UV and extreme-UV - Nowcast
Solar X-ray Flux
  • Proba2/LYRA Rescaled latest data
Heliospheric Imaging of Sun-Earth Line
  • STEREO-A HI NRT Movie
  • STEREO-A HI Time Elongation J-Maps (Beacon Mode)
  • STEREO-A HI J-Map Annotated (Beacon Mode)
  • STEREO-A HI BS Movie
  • STEREO-A HI BS Difference Movie
  • STEREO-A HI Time Elongation J-Map (Science Mode)
  • STEREO-A HI J-Map Annotated (Science Mode)
Sunspot Group Data
Solar Filament Data
Radio Burst Detection
  • SIDC Latest automated Solar radio burst detections

Interplanetary medium

High Energy >10 MeV Protons
  • Near-Earth NRT energetic particles (GOES)
     SEP/E
  • Near-Earth space weather notifications
  • HESPERIA RELeASE
  • HESPERIA UMASEP-500
  • HESPERIA RELeASE Alert
Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF)
  • Near-Earth NRT solar wind (DSCOVR)
     SW/L1
  • IMF Index Nowcast 1-hour
     FORIND
  • IMF Index Nowcast 1-minute
     FORIND
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Solar Wind Bulk Velocity
  • Solar Wind Forecast Speed Comparison
  • Near-Earth NRT solar wind (DSCOVR)
     SW/L1
  • Empirical solar wind speed forecast
     ESWF24
  • Empirical solar wind speed forecast
     ESWF
  • Solar wind speed forecast (STEREO-A persistence model)
     STA+CH
  • AWARE_NEXT Enhanced 24 hour solar wind forecast
  • Near-Earth solar wind forecasts (WSA-Enlil + Ensemble)
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Solar Wind Bulk Density
  • Near-Earth NRT solar wind (DSCOVR)
     SW/L1
  • Near-Earth solar wind forecasts (WSA-Enlil + Ensemble)
Solar Wind Temperature
  • Near-Earth NRT solar wind (DSCOVR)
     SW/L1
Solar Energetic Particle Events
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Interplanetary Medium Data
  • Heliospheric solar wind forecasts for Mars
  • Heliospheric solar wind forecasts for Mercury
  • Heliospheric solar wind forecasts for Venus
  • Automated WARnings of STEREO-A arrivals
CME propagation forecast
  • STEREO-A HI J-Map Annotated (Beacon Mode)
  • STEREO-A HI J-Map Annotated (Science Mode)
  • Heliospheric solar wind forecasts for Mars
  • Heliospheric solar wind forecasts for Mercury
  • Near-Earth CME arrival predictions (WSA-Enlil + Ensemble)
  • Heliospheric solar wind forecasts for Venus

Earth Magnetosphere and Radiation Belt

Geomagnetic Storm Condition
  • 3-hourly K index: Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Hartland
     BGS
  • 3-hourly aa index
     BGS
  • 3-hourly Kp index
     BGS
  • 3-hourly ap index
     BGS
  • Daily Aa index
     BGS
  • Daily Ap index
     BGS
  • 72-hour ap forecast
     BGS
  • 27-day Ap forecast
     BGS
  • 3-hourly K(GBI) index
     BGS
  • 72-hour K(GBI) forecast
     BGS
  • Human global geomagnetic activity forecast
     BGS
  • Real-time one-minute Dst (ASC)
     BGS
Geomagnetic Indices Kp and K
  • 3-hourly K index: Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Hartland
     BGS
  • 3-hourly Kp index
     BGS
  • 3-hourly K(GBI) index
     BGS
  • 72-hour K(GBI) forecast
     BGS
  • Nowcast Kp index
     GFZ
  • Kp and Ap index on tabular form
     GFZ
  • Nowcast Hp60 index
  • Hp60 and ap60 index in tabular form
  • Nowcast Hp30 index
  • Hp30 and ap30 index in tabular form
  • K-index from magnetometer stations in north Europe
     DTU K
  • Forecasts of dB/dt
     IRF
  • SIDC Latest 3-day K Dourbes forecast
  • Kp Index Nowcast 3-hour/GFZ
     FORIND
  • Kp Index Nowcast 3-hour/BGS
     FORIND
  • Kp 3-hour Index Forecast 3-day
     FORIND
  • Wing 3-hour Kp Index Forecast 1-hour
     FORIND
  • Wing 3-hour Kp Index Forecast 4-hour
     FORIND
  • Largest Kp Index Forecast 27-day
     FORIND
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Geomagnetic Index Ap and A
  • 3-hourly aa index
     BGS
  • 3-hourly ap index
     BGS
  • Daily Aa index
     BGS
  • Daily Ap index
     BGS
  • 72-hour ap forecast
     BGS
  • 27-day Ap forecast
     BGS
  • Kp and Ap index on tabular form
     GFZ
  • Hp60 and ap60 index in tabular form
  • Hp30 and ap30 index in tabular form
  • ap index Nowcast 3-hour/BGS
     FORIND
  • ap index Nowcast 3-hour/GFZ
     FORIND
  • ap index Nowcast 1-day/BGS
     FORIND
  • ap index Nowcast 1-day/SWPC
     FORIND
  • ap index Nowcast 1-day/GFZ
     FORIND
  • ap index Forecast 27-day
     FORIND
  • ap index Forecast 3-day/SWPC
     FORIND
  • ap index Forecast 27-day/SWPC
     FORIND
  • ap index Forecast 45-day
     FORIND
  • ap index Forecast 3-day/BGS
     FORIND
  • SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Geomagnetic Index Dst
  • Real-time one-minute Dst (ASC)
     BGS
  • UAH-SWE Subscription
     UAH
  • SolarHoldover
     UAH
  • Forecast of Dst
     IRF
  • Dst Index Nowcast 1-hour
     FORIND
  • Dst Index Forecast 1-hour
     FORIND
  • COMESEP Geomagnetic storm forecast
High Energy >10 MeV Protons
30 keV-8 MeV Electrons
  • GOES-16 Radiation Environment
     SaRIF
  • GIOVE-A Radiation Environment
     SaRIF
  • Slot Region Radiation Environment
     SaRIF
  • MOSWOC Forecast
     SaRIF
  • Forecaster Summary
     SaRIF
  • GEO electron flux alerts
Thermal and Supra-thermal Electron and Ion Energy Spectra
  • SWIFF Plasmasphere model (SPM)
     SPM
Geomagnetic Index AE, AL and AU
  • AE, AL and AU forecasts
     IRF
AZ index

Earth Ionosphere and Thermosphere

Vertical Total Electron Content Map
  • TEC map (Europe), current
     IMPC
  • TEC map (Europe), 1hr forecast
     IMPC
  • TEC map (Global), current
     IMPC
  • TEC map (Global), 1hr forecast
     IMPC
  • VTEC maps (Northern Europe)
     RTIM
  • IONMON TEC maps
     IONMON
  • EIS Near real-time TEC maps for the European region
     EIS
  • TEC and Err(TEC) nowcast modelled maps
     ISM
  • TEC and Err(TEC) nowcast modelled values at a given location
     ISM
3D Electron Density Grids
  • TomoScand3D
     FMI
  • TomoScand2D
     FMI
URSI Ionospheric Parameters
  • EIS European maps of foF2 long term predictions
     EIS
  • EIS Nowcast European maps of foF2
     EIS
  • EIS Maps of forecasted foF2 over Europe for the next 24 hours
     EIS
  • EIS Forecasted foF2 values for the next 24 hours over each ionosonde
     EIS
  • EIS hmF2 maps for Europe
     EIS
Neutral Density in Thermosphere
  • Total Density 1-3 Day Forecast
     ATMDEN
  • Total Density 1-27 Day Forecast
     ATMDEN
Scintillation Indices and Parameters
  • Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Kiruna
     IMPC
  • Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Neustrelitz
     IMPC
  • Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Svalbard
     IMPC
  • Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Tenerife
     IMPC
  • Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Toulouse
     IMPC
  • S4 maps (Northern Europe)
     RTIM
  • σφ maps (Northern Europe)
     RTIM
  • S4 and Err(S4) nowcast modelled maps
     ISM
  • SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) nowcast modelled maps
     ISM
  • S4 and Err(S4) 6-hour forecast modelled maps
     ISM
  • SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) 6-hour forecast modelled maps
     ISM
  • S4 and Err(S4) nowcast modelled values at a given location
     ISM
  • SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) nowcast modelled values at a given location
     ISM
  • S4 and Err(S4) 6h forecast modelled values at a given location
     ISM
  • SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) 6h forecast modelled values at a given location
     ISM
Ionospheric Disturbances
  • Equivalent slab thickness, Juliusruh
     IMPC
  • Equivalent slab thickness, Pruhonice
     IMPC
  • ROTI maps for Europe
     IMPC
  • GIVE maps (Northern Europe)
     RTIM
  • ROTI maps (Northern Europe)
     RTIM
  • ROTI@Ground maps (Fennoscandia)
     RTIM
  • EIS Alerts for ionospheric disturbances in the European sector
     EIS
  • EIS Current Ionospheric Conditions at each ionosonde location
     EIS
  • ROTI at ground time series (Selected locations in northern Europe)
  • Swarm Rate Of change of TEC (ROT)
     SUA I
  • Swarm Ionospheric Bubble Index (IBI)
     SUA I
  • Swarm Rate Of change of TEC Index (ROTI)
     SUA I
  • SISTED
     IonSAT
  • SOLERA-drift
     IonSAT
  • SOLERA
     IonSAT
  • SISTED warning
     IonSAT
  • SOLERA-drift warning
     IonSAT
  • GNSS Performance Indicator
     GPI

Earth Atmosphere and Geomagnetic Environment

Auroral Visible Imaging
Local External Magnetic Field on Ground
  • Magnetogrammes from North(West) Europe and Greenland
  • Forecasts of dB/dt
     IRF
  • LDiñ
     UAH
  • LCiñ
     UAH
  • dMag/dt
Local Geomagnetic Induced Geoelectric Field
  • Horizontal electric field data (UK)
     BGS
  • Peak Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
     BGS
  • Average Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
     BGS
  • Peak Pipe-to-Soil Potential (PSP) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
     BGS
  • Average Pipe-to-Soil Potential (PSP) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
     BGS
  • 3-hourly Telluric index (Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Hartland)
     BGS
  • GIC Index, Bgic for the UK
     BGS
  • Maps for power and pipeline operators
     FMI
  • Table of modelled GIC
     FMI
  • Pipe-to-soil voltage (PSV)
     FMI
Neutral Density and Wind
  • Total Density 1-3 Day Forecast
     ATMDEN
  • Total Density 1-27 Day Forecast
     ATMDEN

Other Planets

Microparticle Environment

Spacecraft

Dose
  • GOES-16 Total Ionising Dose and Dose Rate
     SaRIF
  • GIOVE-A Total Ionising Dose and Dose Rate
     SaRIF
  • Slot Region Total Ionising Dose and Dose Rate
     SaRIF
  • PROBA-V/EPT Total ionizing dose alert at LEO
  • PROBA-V/EPT Total non-ionizing dose alert at LEO
Deep Dielectric Charging
  • GOES-16 Internal Charging Current
     SaRIF
  • GIOVE-A Internal Charging Current
     SaRIF
  • Slot Region Internal Charging Current
     SaRIF
Dose at Aircraft Altitudes

Alert products

All Quiet Alert
  • SIDC Latest all quiet alert
End-of-quiet Alert
  • SIDC Latest all quiet alert
Solar Flare Detection
  • UGraz/KSO Latest Solar flare alert
  • SIDC Latest Solar GOES-flare alert
  • SIDC Latest human moderated alert
Solar Flare Detection and Location
  • UGraz/KSO Latest Solar flare alert
  • SIDC Latest human moderated alert
CME Onset
  • Near-Earth space weather notifications
  • Near-Earth CME arrival predictions (WSA-Enlil + Ensemble)
  • SIDC/CACTus Latest automated halo CME alert
Halo CME Onset
  • SIDC/CACTus Latest automated halo CME alert
  • SIDC Latest human moderated alert
CIR Alert
  • Near-Earth space weather notifications
  • Automated WARnings of STEREO-A arrivals
  • AWARE_NEXT Enhanced 24 hour solar wind forecast
  • Automated WARnings of Earth arrivals
     AWARE
  • SIDC Latest human moderated alert
Solar Particle Event Onset
  • Near-Earth space weather notifications
  • SIDC Latest human moderated alert
Geomagnetic Storm Warning / Solar Wind Shock Arrival
  • Near-Earth space weather notifications
  • Automated WARnings of STEREO-A arrivals
  • Automated WARnings of Earth arrivals
     AWARE
Geomagnetic Storm Onset
  • Geomagnetic activity alert
     BGS
  • UAH-SWE Subscription
     UAH
  • UAH-SWE Report
     UAH
  • SolarHeed
     UAH
  • Sentinel G
     UAH
  • Sentinel C
     UAH
  • SIDC Latest human moderated alert
Ionospheric Disturbance Detection
  • EIS Alerts for ionospheric disturbances in the European sector
     EIS
  • SISTED warning
     IonSAT
  • SOLERA-drift warning
     IonSAT
Ground Level Enhancement Detection

SWE Data is a web application that provides access to a wide range of Space Weather related data sources covering the areas of the spacecraft, ionospheric, and ground effects. SWE Data allows the user to access all data contained in the repository providing analysis and visualisation tools from these disparate sources.

For alerts please consult the general alert service (GEN/alm).

This section provides links to web pages or resources that are not part of the ESA Space Weather Network or esa.int domain. These sites are not under ESA control, and therefore ESA is not responsible for any of the information or links that you may find there. 

  Choose Skin