General Data Services - Forecast and nowcast service

Forecast of 30-minute maximum local dB/dt (horizontal component) at selected locations (red dots).
The forecasts are driven by SWPC RT solar wind data.
The marked region shows interpolated values with colours according to the colour bar in units of nT/min.
Data lies at the heart of ESA's Space Weather activities. Many of the user requirements and components to be delivered as part of the SWE segment make reference to requirements on the availability of and access to nowcasting and forecasting data. This includes real-time and near-real-time delivery of measurement and modelling data.
The General Forecast service provides access to the nowcasting and forecasting data included in the ESA SWE service network.
This service is implemented through a combination of products, tools and alerts which can be found through the following tabs along with expert support provided by the teams constituting the SWE Network. Should you require further guidance in the use of this service, or have specific questions about any aspects of the service presented here, don’t hesitate to contact the Helpdesk.
The service is implemented through the following set of assets:
- The Solar Influences Data analysis Centre (SIDC) provides products such as Solar EUV images, International sunspot number, Solar flare forecast, etc.
- IRF, by the Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF Lund), provides forecast of Kp, Dst and dB/dt
- A-EFFort is a product from the Research Center for Astronomy and Applied Mathematics (Academy of Athens). It provides 24hr forecast of major solar flares.
- The German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) provides data on the Kp index as well as products from the Swarm satellite mission;
- The SWIFF Plasmasphere Model (SPM) dynamical simulation provides the number density and temperatures of the electrons as a function of time;
- Real-Time Ionosphere Monitor (RTIM) provided by the Norwegian Mapping Authority (NMA);
- European Ionosonde Service (EIS) provided by National Observatory of Athens (NOA);
- Swarm Utilisation Analysis (SUA) provided by GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences;
- Geomagnetically Induced Currents nowcast by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI);
- The Empirical Solar Wind Forecast (ESWF), by the University of Graz, uses an empirical relation to derive the solar wind speed at Earth distance.
- Atmospheric Density Estimates for SST users (ATMDEN) provided by UK MetOffice;
- Nowcast and Forecast of Geomagnetic and Solar Activity Indices for SST users (FORIND) provided by the Romanian Institute of Space Science (ISS);
All data and service products contributing to the General forecast service can be accessed from the product catalogue matrix in the "Products" tab. These products are ordered and categorised as per the ESA product specification documents according to the physical domain and product types.
User help and guidelines for each of the individual products can be accessed through the Help entry within the individual product page.
Solar Data
Interplanetary medium
- Solar Wind Forecast Speed Comparison
- Near-Earth NRT solar wind (DSCOVR)
- Empirical solar wind speed forecast
- Empirical solar wind speed forecast
- Solar wind speed forecast (STEREO-A persistence model)
- AWARE_NEXT Enhanced 24 hour solar wind forecast
- Near-Earth solar wind forecasts (WSA-Enlil + Ensemble)
- SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Earth Magnetosphere and Radiation Belt
- 3-hourly K index: Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Hartland
- 3-hourly Kp index
- 3-hourly K(GBI) index
- 72-hour K(GBI) forecast
- Nowcast Kp index
- Kp and Ap index on tabular form
- Nowcast Hp60 index
- Hp60 and ap60 index in tabular form
- Nowcast Hp30 index
- Hp30 and ap30 index in tabular form
- K-index from magnetometer stations in north Europe
- Forecasts of dB/dt
- SIDC Latest 3-day K Dourbes forecast
- Kp Index Nowcast 3-hour/GFZ
- Kp Index Nowcast 3-hour/BGS
- Kp 3-hour Index Forecast 3-day
- Wing 3-hour Kp Index Forecast 1-hour
- Wing 3-hour Kp Index Forecast 4-hour
- Largest Kp Index Forecast 27-day
- SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
- 3-hourly aa index
- 3-hourly ap index
- Daily Aa index
- Daily Ap index
- 72-hour ap forecast
- 27-day Ap forecast
- Kp and Ap index on tabular form
- Hp60 and ap60 index in tabular form
- Hp30 and ap30 index in tabular form
- ap index Nowcast 3-hour/BGS
- ap index Nowcast 3-hour/GFZ
- ap index Nowcast 1-day/BGS
- ap index Nowcast 1-day/SWPC
- ap index Nowcast 1-day/GFZ
- ap index Forecast 27-day
- ap index Forecast 3-day/SWPC
- ap index Forecast 27-day/SWPC
- ap index Forecast 45-day
- ap index Forecast 3-day/BGS
- SIDC Latest daily space weather bulletin
Earth Ionosphere and Thermosphere
- TEC map (Europe), current
- TEC map (Europe), 1hr forecast
- TEC map (Global), current
- TEC map (Global), 1hr forecast
- VTEC maps (Northern Europe)
- IONMON TEC maps
- EIS Near real-time TEC maps for the European region
- TEC and Err(TEC) nowcast modelled maps
- TEC and Err(TEC) nowcast modelled values at a given location
- Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Kiruna
- Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Neustrelitz
- Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Svalbard
- Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Tenerife
- Local scintillation indices S4 & σ φ Toulouse
- S4 maps (Northern Europe)
- σφ maps (Northern Europe)
- S4 and Err(S4) nowcast modelled maps
- SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) nowcast modelled maps
- S4 and Err(S4) 6-hour forecast modelled maps
- SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) 6-hour forecast modelled maps
- S4 and Err(S4) nowcast modelled values at a given location
- SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) nowcast modelled values at a given location
- S4 and Err(S4) 6h forecast modelled values at a given location
- SigmaPhi and Err(SigmaPhi) 6h forecast modelled values at a given location
- Equivalent slab thickness, Juliusruh
- Equivalent slab thickness, Pruhonice
- ROTI maps for Europe
- GIVE maps (Northern Europe)
- ROTI maps (Northern Europe)
- ROTI@Ground maps (Fennoscandia)
- EIS Alerts for ionospheric disturbances in the European sector
- EIS Current Ionospheric Conditions at each ionosonde location
- ROTI at ground time series (Selected locations in northern Europe)
- Swarm Rate Of change of TEC (ROT)
- Swarm Ionospheric Bubble Index (IBI)
- Swarm Rate Of change of TEC Index (ROTI)
- SISTED
- SOLERA-drift
- SOLERA
- SISTED warning
- SOLERA-drift warning
- GNSS Performance Indicator
Earth Atmosphere and Geomagnetic Environment
- Horizontal electric field data (UK)
- Peak Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
- Average Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
- Peak Pipe-to-Soil Potential (PSP) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
- Average Pipe-to-Soil Potential (PSP) for Scotland, England, Wales and the UK
- 3-hourly Telluric index (Lerwick, Eskdalemuir, Hartland)
- GIC Index, Bgic for the UK
- Maps for power and pipeline operators
- Table of modelled GIC
- Pipe-to-soil voltage (PSV)
Other Planets
Microparticle Environment
Spacecraft
- AVIDOS
Alert products
SWE Data is a web application that provides access to a wide range of Space Weather related data sources covering the areas of the spacecraft, ionospheric, and ground effects. SWE Data allows the user to access all data contained in the repository providing analysis and visualisation tools from these disparate sources.
For alerts please consult the general alert service (GEN/alm).
This section provides links to web pages or resources that are not part of the ESA Space Weather Network or esa.int domain. These sites are not under ESA control, and therefore ESA is not responsible for any of the information or links that you may find there.